education system in china
1.Overview of the Education System in Mainland China
In China, it is convenient to divide education in China into four categories: primary education, secondary education, higher education, and adult education. China has a Compulsory Education Law.
The Compulsory Education Law
The Compulsory Education Law calls for each child to have nine years of formal education. To meet this requirement, a child will attend either five years of elementary education followed by three years of junior middle school. Today in China, the first system, “5-4”, is virtually nonexistent; the second system, “6-3”, is far more common.
2.Categories with the Education System
1) Primary Education
Primary education includes preschool and elementary education. Preschool, or kindergarten, can last up to three years, with children entering as early as age three, until age six, when they typically enter elementary school. The academic year is divided into two semesters.
2) Secondary Education
Secondary education is divided into academic secondary education and specialized/vocational/technical secondary education.
Academic secondary education is delivered by academic lower and upper middle schools.
Lower middle school graduates wishing to continue their education take a locally administered entrance exam, on the basis of which they will have the option either of continuing in an academic upper middle school or of entering a vocational secondary school. Vocational schools offer programs ranging from two to four years and train medium-level skilled workers, farmers, and managerial and technical personnel. Technical schools typically offer four-years programs to train intermediate technical personnel. “Schools for Skilled Workers” typically train junior middle school graduates for positions requiring production and operation skills. The length of training is typically three year.
3) Higher Education
Higher education at the undergraduate level includes two-and three-year junior colleges(sometimes also called short-cycle colleges or zhuanke colleges ( ), four-year colleges( ), and universities ( ) offering programs in both academic and vocational subjects. Many colleges and universities also offer graduate programs leading to the master’s or Ph.D. degree.
Chinese higher education at the undergraduate level is divided into and programs. Zhuanke programs are offered not only at short-cycle colleges, but frequently also at four-year colleges and universities. Benke programs are offered at four-year colleges and universities but do not always lead to the bachelor’s degree.
Myriad higher education opportunities also fall under the general category of adult education.
4) Adult Education
The adult education category overlaps all three of the above categories. Adult primary education includes Workers’ Primary Schools, Peasants’ Primary Schools, and literacy classes. Adult secondary education includes radio/TV specialized secondary schools, specialized secondary school for cadres, specialized secondary schools for staff and workers, specialized secondary schools for peasants, in-service teacher training schools and correspondence specialized secondary schools. Adult higher education includes radio/TV universities, cadre institutes, workers’ colleges, peasant colleges, correspondence colleges, and educational colleges. Most of the above offer both two- and three-year short-cycle (or zhuanke) curricula; only a few also offer regular undergraduate curricula.
3.Grading Scale
Grades in China may follow either a five-scale or a four-scale system, as follows:
Some transcripts-----even those in the original Chinese----use the Latin letter grades (A, B, C, D, F) rather than the Chinese equivalents above. Often, numerical grades are reported (generally on a 0-100 scale); in this case, refer either to the bottom of the transcript (especially the English translation) for the letter-grade equivalents, or use the standard scale (A: 90-100, B: 80-89,etc.).
Certain classes can be taken on a pass-fail basis and are reported thus:
4.Key schools
The designation “key school” exists for selected schools at every level: elementary, secondary, and higher. In addition, there are various levels of the “key” designation itself: There are national key institutions; provincial or municipal key institutions, and county or district key institutions. Key schools all enjoy priority funding as well as the privilege of recruiting the best students. At the elementary and secondary levels, this concept is similar to that of a “magnet” or “college preparatory” school in the United States. Entry into such schools is based on examination and academic promise and achievement. For such schools, success usually is measured in terms of the percentage of its graduates entering colleges and universities----especially the key colleges and universities priority in the allocation of limited resources, the training of top-level manpower for China’s reconstruction can be carried out more efficiently.
In certain areas, the “key school” concept has come under fire. Indeed, the success of the key elementary and middle schools has been measured too often solely in terms of the college placement of its students, rather than on more objective measurements of learning. Furthermore, remnants of the same sort of elitism that shut down the key schools during the Cultural Revolution have re-emerged, leading to questioning by education authorities. Nevertheless, the vast majority of students gaining admission to China’s colleges and universities are graduates of key upper middle schools. Thus, key schools are likely to continue to thrive as long as they enjoy the near monopoly of placing students in college.
Finally, since 1992, a new informal category of schools has emerged: the so-called “elite schools.” These non-governmental schools with state-of-the-art facilities often charge astronomical tuition fees and cater primarily to children of the new and wealthy entrepreneurial class in China. “Elite schools: exist at all levels of education, from kindergarten through higher education. (For more on these schools,)
http://www.gzscse.gov.cn/english/China/system.htm
还有这个，你也可以参考一下：
http://sl.iciba.com/html/2006/0402/17/33501_1.htm
Education System in China
In China, the education is divided into three categories: basic education, higher education, and adult education. The Compulsory Education Law of stipulates that each child have nine years of formal education.
Basic Education
Basic education in China includes pre-school education, primary education and regular secondary education.
Preschool, or kindergarten, can last up to three years, with children entering as early as age three, until age six, when they typically enter elementary school. The academic year is divided into two semesters.
Secondary education is divided into academic secondary education and specialized/vocational/technical secondary education.
Academic secondary education is delivered by academic lower and upper middle schools.
Lower middle school graduates wishing to continue their education take a locally administered entrance exam, on the basis of which they will have the option either of continuing in an academic upper middle school or of entering a vocational secondary school. Vocational schools offer programs ranging from two to four years and train medium-level skilled workers, farmers, and managerial and technical personnel. Technical schools typically offer four-years programs to train intermediate technical personnel. “Schools for Skilled Workers” typically train junior middle school graduates for positions requiring production and operation skills. The length of training is typically three year.
Higher Education
Higher education at the undergraduate level includes two-and three-year junior colleges(sometimes also called short-cycle colleges, four-year colleges, and universities offering programs in both academic and vocational subjects. Many colleges and universities also offer graduate programs leading to the master’s or Ph.D. degree.
Chinese higher education at the undergraduate level is divided into three-year and four-year programs. The former is offered not only at short-cycle colleges, but frequently also at four-year colleges and universities. The latter is offered at four-year colleges and universities but do not always lead to the bachelor’s degree.
Myriad higher education opportunities also fall under the general category of adult education.
Adult Education
The adult education category overlaps all three of the above categories. Adult primary education includes Workers’ Primary Schools, Peasants’ Primary Schools, and literacy classes. Adult secondary education includes radio/TV specialized secondary schools, specialized secondary school for cadres, specialized secondary schools for staff and workers, specialized secondary schools for peasants, in-service teacher training schools and correspondence specialized secondary schools. Adult higher education includes radio/TV universities, cadre institutes, workers’ colleges, peasant colleges, correspondence colleges, and educational colleges. Most of the above offer both two- and three-year short-cycle curricula; only a few also offer regular undergraduate curricula.
http://www.edu.cn/20041203/3123354.shtml
还有这个：THE EDUCATION SYSTEM
http://countrystudies.us/china/65.htm
用英语介绍两所大学（中国美院和浙江大学）
这个是浙大的
Zhejiang University
Zhejiang University, referred to as the "University", formerly known as the College of seeking founded in 1897, is one of the Chinese founded the first modern institution of higher learning. In 1928 was renamed National Zhejiang University. The period of the Republic of China, Zhejiang University in Zhu Kezhen under the leadership of the headmaster, grew into one of the China top university, was a famous British scholar Joseph Needham known as the "Cambridge of the east". Zhejiang University is China the first batch of 7 "211 Project" University, the first batch of 9 "985 Project" University, member Chinese University C9 alliance, World University League, central University of the Pacific Union, is one of the famous top universities China
这个是中国美术学院的
The China Academy of Art
The China Academy of Art is located in Hangzhou Zhejiang, is China first comprehensive national art institutes in China, is also one of the earliest implementation design institution of higher learning, is the earliest art revolution group China birthplace, Chinese only one national key discipline of arts. Founded in 1928, was called "National Academy of art". The National Academy of art at home and abroad, is UNESCO only recognition of qualifications of China fine arts university.
祝学习进步
望采纳，谢谢
请高手帮忙翻译一小段中文（悬赏100分）
湖北大学现有1个省部共建教育部重点实验室、4个省级重点实验室、4个省级人文社会科学研究基地、1个省级中试基地，办有《湖北大学学报》、《蛛形学报》、《胶体与聚合物》等多种学术期刊。
Hubei University owns one key lab authorized by China's Ministry of Education, four provincial key las, four provincial humanity and social science research base, one provincial test base.
学校在新材料、生物技术、基础数学、精细化工、中药现代化技术等众多领域开展了卓有成效的研究工作，先后承担了国家科技攻关、国家自然科学基金、“863”、“973”等一批国家级项目和部省级重点科研项目，多项成果分别获得国家和部省级奖励。
The university has carried out fruitful research in the fields of new material,bio-technology,basic mathematics,fine chemistry,modern technology of China's traditional medicine and so on. It has successfully assumed a lot of national science and technology project and provincial key science&technology projects such as China's National Science & Technology Research, China's National Natural Science fund,"863"project and "973"project,many of which have been prized by China's government.
在中国古代文学、专门史、汉语言文字学、文献学、列宁思想等人文社会科学研究方面，先后承担了一批国家社科基金、教育部人文社会科学规划项目，多项研究成果获得全国高等学校人文社会科学研究优秀成果奖、湖北省社科优秀成果奖。
As in the fields of social science such as China's Ancient Literature,Special History,Chinese Literature,Philology,Leninism and so on,Hubei University has also assumed a lot of projects such as national social science fund,social science plan authorized by China's Ministry of Education and so on.Many of them have won prize for China's National College Humanities and social science research and Hubei social science research.
部分科研成果应用于京珠高速公路、长江三峡等重点工程以及汽车、钢铁、化学化工、育种、旅游开发、航天等领域，产生了较大的经济效益和社会效益.
Some of these research have been successfully practiced in the projects of Jing-zhu freeway and China's Three Gorges,in the fields of automobiles,steel,chemistry,breeding,tourism,spaceflight, and has gained great economic and social benefit.
Aid education in china
翻译成：在中国支教
支教是指一项支援落后地区乡镇中小学校的教育和教学管理工作。
全国大学生志愿服务西部计划是由共青团中央、教育部、财政部、人事部共同组织实施，从2003年开始，按照公开招募、自愿报名、组织选拔、集中派遣的方式，每年招募一定数量的普通高等学校应届毕业生，到西部贫困县的乡镇从事为期 1-2 年的教育、卫生、农技、扶贫以及青年中心建设和管理等方面的志愿服务工作。志愿者服务期满后，鼓励其扎根基层，或者自主择业和流动就业。
Aid—education in china
Aid-education in China
There are a lot of high-school students being encouraged to assist in teaching in the poor areas. The subject of this is to improve on the education of these poor areas, to resolve the issue of poor education in most rural areas at the bottom. In my opinion, voluntary teaching in the rural area is a rather significant and fruitful act, that does not only helps those rural children to enhance their education levels, but also makes the teachers themselves improved on the self-help skills. Nowadays, teenagers are rather spoiled, hence very poor at self-help skills as everything has been done by their parents, especially in one-child family. However, it's not easy for a student to make the decision of teaching in the poor area as they are not willing to suffer the "bitter life". Hence, it's important for the China authority to make a law to encourage the high-school students, or even university students to go and teach in the poor areas.
自己花了不少心思写的，希望LZ满意
求翻译成英文.
We have booked shipment on March 6th. The shipping company has reserved the space for us. However, the consignee advised Blu to change the schedule to March 15.
Since our goods should be shipped to the Port of Loading, time is limited. also the space have booked already. it could not be delay.
Please negotiate with consignee to agree the previous shipment (on March 6th.)
Hope you can understand the situation.. Thank you very much!
求翻译成英文
Since the reform and opening up, the education in China has made rapid development and get remarkable achievements. Chinese government place education in a priority position during the development, adhere to science and education, comprehensive quality education advocate. At the same time, actively promote educational equity, guarantee universal access to education. China's educational achievements are reflected in two different levels: one is the universal nine-year compulsory education, and the other is to achieve a higher popularity. The development of education for China's economic development and social progress made significant contributions. In recent years, to meet the needs of social and economic development, the Chinese government continues to accelerate the training of qualified personnel needed in various fields.
改革开放以来，中国的教育事业得到了快速发展，取得了引人瞩目的成就。中国政府把教育摆在优先发展的地位，坚持科教兴国，全面提倡素质教育。同时，积极推进教育公平，保障人人有受教育的机会。中国的教育成就反映在两个不同层面：一个是全面普及了九年义务教育，另一个是实现了高等教育大众化。教育的发展为中国的经济发展和社会进步作出了重大贡献。近年来，为适应社会、经济发展的需要，中国政府不断加快培养各领域的急需人才。
遇到这种翻译的问题，建议可以自己打出来，复制粘贴到谷歌翻译里，然后通读下，比较生硬的部分就改下，机器翻译出来的难免会有些生硬。
我自己遇到翻译问题的解决方法，希望有所帮助。
求英语高手写篇大学作文 Aid Education in China
Aid Education in China
1. 支教的现象
2. 支教的意义
3. 你的观点
【范文】
Aid Education in China
There has been a hot topic recently about college students’ being encouraged to help children in the poor and remote areas.
Generally aid-education is helpful in two aspects. First of all, it can broaden volunteers’ horizons in poverty-stricken regions. For instance, it is a golden opportunity for volunteers to experience a completely different life. In addition, college students have to adapt themselves to the harsh living conditions, meanwhile they can make friends with the children.
In my view, the future of China’s education depends on the joint efforts of the society, the government and all the citizens. To sum up, we college students should take the initiative in response to the appeal for supplying help to children in poor regions.
my education my future英文观后感 100字
I know that for many of you, today is the first day of school. And for those of you in kindergarten, or starting middle or high school, it's your first day in a new school, so it's understandable if you're a little nervous. I imagine there are some seniors out there who are feeling pretty good right now, with just one more years to go. And no matter what grade you're in, some of you are probably wishing it were still summer, and you could've stayed in bed just a little bit longer this morning. I know that feel. When I was young, my family lived overseas. I lived in Indonesia for a few years, and my mother, she didn't have the money to send me where all the American kids went to school, which she thought it was important for me to keep up with American education. So she decided to teach me extra lessons herself, Monday through Friday – but because she had to go to work, the only time she could do it was at 4:30 in the morning. Now as you might imagine I wasn't too happy about getting up that early. A lot of times, I'd fall asleep right there at the kitchen table. But whenever I'd complain, my mother would just give me one of those looks and she’d say, "This is no picnic for me either, buster." So I know that some of you are still adjusting to being back at school. But I'm here today because I have something important to discuss with you. I'm here because I want to talk with you about your education and what's expected of all of you in this new school year.
我知道对你们中的很多人来说，今天是开学的第一天。而对于那些你在幼儿园，开始初中或高中，这是你在新学校的第一天，所以可以理解，如果你有一点紧张。我想有些毕业班的学生现在感觉很不错，还有一年去。无论你在几年级，你们有些人可能希望它仍然是暑假，你就可在床上呆久一点今天早上。我知道那种感觉。当我年轻的时候，我的家庭住在海外。我在印度尼西亚住了几年，我的母亲，她没有钱送我到美国孩子上的学校，她觉得重要的是让我能跟上美国教育。于是她决定自己给我补课，星期一到星期五–而是因为她不得不去工作了，只有她能做的是在早上4 : 30。现在，你可以想象我不是太喜欢那么早起床。很多时候，我就睡着了在厨房的桌子。但每当我抱怨的时候，我的母亲会那样地看我一眼，她说，“这对我也并不轻松，老兄。”所以我知道你们中的一些人还在调整自己重返学校。但我今天跟你一起在这里因为我有重要的事情要讨论。我来这里是因为我想和你谈谈你的教育和什么期望在新的学年里，你所有的。
求一篇关于college education in China的英语作文
Higher education is secondary education after the implementation of the various specialized education. In our country, including full-time higher education higher education and adult higher education two types, the latter belongs to the category of adult education. Chinese higher education is divided into junior college students, undergraduate students, graduate students, doctoral students of 4 levels, awarded the corresponding bachelor, master, doctor's degree. Chinese higher education is divided into text, science, engineering, agriculture, forest, medicine, finance, politics and law, normal, sport, art and other subjects.
Since 1978, through continuous reform and adjust, adapt to economic and social development of a variety of levels, a variety of forms, including almost all subjects in China's higher education system has been initially formed. Ordinary higher schools from 1978598to19991071. With the development of higher education and the reform of the management system, higher education has made great progress, the benefit to rise apparently. Talent cultivation level structure incline to is reasonable, set up professional structure is optimized ceaselessly, community to transport a large number of the senior specialized personnel. In recent years, the University Science and technology industry, many aspects of the development of Higher School school-run enterprise is rising rapidly, with high technical content products have to enter the international market. The national focus on promoting the "211 Project " of the plan carry out, namely the successful 100key university and a number of key disciplines, professional, and strive in the early twenty-first Century, there is a group of colleges and universities and disciplines, professional quality in education, scientific research and management level, the efficiency is greatly improved, reaching the world level. At present, the "211 Project" first phase project is nearing completion. After 5 years of efforts, in the relevant departments to discuss and review the basis, has a nationwide selected universities in arranged nearly600 key disciplines of project construction. These disciplines covering politics, economy, humanities and social science, resources and environment, basic industries, high technology, medical and health fields. The requirements of the Ministry of education of the project's two phase of construction in the next 5 years. During this period, the school will continue to increase input and support. To 2005, strive to some key academic level to achieve national advanced level, for the construction of a number of world class university foundation. In 2010 and, for some universities to enter into or near the world first-class university level.
Before 1949, China senior specialized talents mainly dependent on foreign, domestic graduate education scale is very small, only a few higher school to recruit a limited number of graduate students were awarded a master's degree, more than 200 people, not a ph.d.. After 1978, China 's education, science of comprehensive development, graduate education has entered a new period of vigorous development. In 1978, the national graduate students apply for a total of 63000 people, through the strict examination, enrolling10000 people. In 1998 awarded PhD 8957, awarded a master's degree in 38051. In 2000the national graduate recruitment planning simulation by about 120000, increase than last year 30%, which the national plan for part of the increase in20%. This is in recent years postgraduate enrollment scale the biggest increase in time. Gradually establish a complete basic disciplines, cultivation quality can be guaranteed in the graduate education and degree awarding system, initially formed a Chinese graduate education and degree system, promote the high-level specialized personnel training and development, promote higher schools and scientific research institutions of scientific research and discipline construction, for the establishment of Chinese independent the integrity of the higher education system has contributed to.
汗，行了吗？
急求英语作文 题目是：education in china and it's future 100字左右 三级要求 回答后追加悬赏
翻译嘞嘞~~
教育在中国是一个官方的公共教育系统运行其办法由教育部定之。所有公民都必须上学至少九年。政府提供基本教育六年,六或七岁开始,其次是六年的中学教育12到18岁。[澄清需要]一些省可能有五年的小学但四年中学。有三年的初中三年的高中
教育部达到了99%的小学入学率80%,对于一个中小招收少数民族1985年,政府废除tax-funded高等教育,需要报考大学奖学金的竞争基础上理论能力。在1980年代早期政府允许设立了第一个私立学校
中国已经有一个主要的扩张的教育,提高大学生的数量和拥有博士学位五倍十年。[4]2003年中国支持1552个高等院校(大学)和725000年教授和1100万学生。有超过100的全国重点大学,包括北京大学和清华大学。中国消费增长了20%,自1999年以来每年,现在达到超过1000亿美元,多达150万的科学和工程专业学生的毕业于中国大学于2006年。中国在2008年发表的184080篇论文[5]。
法律规范的教育体系包括学位条例》、《义务教育法》,老师》、《教育法》、《职业教育,和《高等教育。
关于上课睡觉影响学习身体健康的英语作文
Outline of “Aid Education in China”
Ⅰ.College students are encouraged and volunteer themselves to poverty-stricken areasto aid education there.
Ⅱ.Aid-education has been beneficial in some aspects.
a.open the eyes of students
b.build a bridge between students from different backgrounds
c.students may be inspired by each other
Ⅲ.Conclusion:More college should be encouraged to take part in the activity.
注：写提纲其实很简单,就是把要点列出来就可以了.
支教和支教教师用英语怎么说
“支教”：aid education 或者teacher support“支教教师”：a/the volunteer teacher. 或者 Support education teachers一、读音：aid education [eid ˌedju:ˈkeiʃən] teacher support [ˈti:tʃə səˈpɔ:t] 二、重点词汇volunteer志愿者，志愿兵; 义勇军; 自生植物; 先锋树种; 自愿的，志愿的; 自愿去做; 当志愿兵[义勇军]; 志愿，义务服务; 志愿提供teacher教师，教员，老师，先生; 教练机三、双语例句：1.This article introduces the basic characters of the new textbook math and their practical experience in exerting multimedia technology to aid education. 介绍了数学新教材的基本特点，运用多媒体技术辅助数学教学的实践经验。2.I will go to a village in Guizhou, working as a volunteer teacher. 我要去贵州一个小山村支教。3.All the factors show that: academic persistence teacher support parents support difficulties-coping. 4. 各因素平均值大小依次为：学业坚持性教师支持父母支持困境应对。4.Xu Benyu, a volunteer teacher in Guizhou who was honored as one of the "People Who Moved China", inspired me to become a volunteer teacher in a rural area. 徐本禹，贵州的一名志愿者教师，曾被评为“感动中国人物”之一。是他激发我想去边远山区支教的想法。
求一篇关于college education in China的英语作文
Recent days, the job-hunting is bothering ! As a undergraduats , we have litter work experience! Several days before, i've taken part in a job interview in a American-fund foward company. i have got through the firt two round paper interview and group interview.When i come to the third round of interview which will decide wether i can get this job or not .The perfomace in the interview is not as good as those in the first two round .After two days , i gave a call to the HR department to ask the results . The pesonnel told me i fail due to i am lack of work experience. i feel so annoying and even loose my temper ,because i apply the position in an jop recruting facing undergraduates . So i ask the personnel you recriut udergrduates or erperiences worker ? No matter what answer is ,i feel angry about the company behaviors!
Accdroding to reports from many newspapers ,it is said that there are more than 6million undergraduates .Most of us will face fierce competition in the job markert !
The society and the government should pay more attention to undergraduates who are the main strenth of national development! Meanwhile , undergraduates is a special part of this scoiety ,whose development will decide views about college education from village family. They spend almost all their savings on developing their children and hope they can contribute to their family and share burdens with their family .But now the results is oppsite!
China college education is in a danger condition!
求一篇英语作文 题为 on college pressures in china
Our students have a lot of pressure, some learning pressure, some economic pressure, but, he was the two mountains press, one is the economic pressures of the mountain, a mountain of learning stress.
Our students have a lot of farmers are born, poverty at home, to their child's daily life money should dissipate one's fortune, and in learning there are many competitors, there are few relaxation is likely to suffer a disastrous decline.
